Exosomes are tiny membrane vesicles with a lipid bilayer membrane structure that can be secreted by most cells, containing DNA, RNA, proteins, etc., with a diameter of approximately 40-100 nm. It is mainly derived from multivesicular bodies formed by the invagination of intracellular lysosomal particles, which are released into the extracellular matrix after the fusion of the multivesicular outer membrane and the cell membrane. Exosomes are widely present and distributed in various body fluids, carrying and transmitting important signaling molecules, forming a new cell-to-cell information transmission system. In 1983, exosomes were first discovered in sheep reticulocytes and named "exosome" by Johnstone in 1987. In 2013, James E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman and Thomas C. Südhof won the Nobel Prize for discovering and elucidating the cellular vesicle transport system and regulatory mechanism.
The function of exosomes in beauty is mainly reflected in their ability to promote the regeneration and repair of skin cells. Exosomes are rich in growth factors, cytokines and other bioactive substances. These substances can stimulate the proliferation and repair of skin cells, promote the synthesis of collagen and elastic fibers, improve the elasticity and firmness of the skin, and reduce the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines. Plant exosomes also have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which can reduce the inflammatory response of the skin and relieve problems such as sensitivity, redness and swelling. In addition, exosomes can also regulate the oil secretion of the skin and improve oily skin and acne problems. Therefore, exosomes are widely used in beauty and skin care products, such as facial masks, essences, lotions, etc.
By using products containing exosomes, users can improve skin texture, brighten skin tone, increase skin moisture and radiance, reduce the appearance of wrinkles and blemishes, and make skin younger and healthier.
It should be noted that the application of exosomes in the field of beauty is still in the research and development stage, and its specific effects and safety require more scientific research and clinical verification.
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